{
  "id": "SC-3.1.1",
  "rulePrefix": "SC-3.1.1",
  "variant": null,
  "ruleType": "synthetic-sc",
  "scanScope": "document",
  "synthetic": true,
  "status": "current",
  "title": "Page language attribute missing",
  "summary": "The document has no lang attribute on the html element.",
  "whyItFails": "Assistive technology may pronounce content incorrectly because the default document language is not declared.",
  "principles": [
    "understandable"
  ],
  "guidelines": [
    "3.1"
  ],
  "successCriteria": [
    {
      "id": "3.1.1",
      "name": "Language of Page",
      "level": "A",
      "slug": "language-of-page"
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    "2.0",
    "2.1",
    "2.2"
  ],
  "automatable": "yes",
  "requires": [
    "html"
  ],
  "isolated": true,
  "pairWith": [],
  "w3c": {
    "understanding": [
      "https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/language-of-page"
    ],
    "quickref": [
      "https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/quickref/#language-of-page"
    ]
  },
  "specimen": {
    "html": "<p>Page content is English but the document language is wrong.</p>",
    "css": "",
    "js": "",
    "assets": [],
    "wrongPageLang": "de"
  },
  "expectedFindings": [
    {
      "sc": "3.1.1",
      "outcome": "fail",
      "note": "Specimen demonstrates failure of 3.1.1."
    }
  ],
  "mustNotFlag": [],
  "manualCheck": "View source and confirm html lacks a lang attribute.",
  "generated": {
    "url": "https://wcagfail.patternd.io/specimens/SC-3.1.1/",
    "lastmod": "2026-10-08"
  }
}